archetto, No. 11 Civ. 8378, 2012 WL 4513484 (S.D.N.Y. 2012) 7, 20, 21 Culver v. Merrill Lynch & Co., 1995 US Dist. LEXIS 10017 (S.D.N.Y. 1995) 13 Deutsche Asset Mgmt, Inc. v. Callaghan, No. 01 Civ 4426 CBM, 2004 WL 758303 16 Dillon v. City of New York, 704 N.Y.S.2d 1, 5 (1st Dep't 1999) 8,18 Edwards v. Great Norther