ffects intensity of policing, the singular strategy (17) represents a local ESS if (n-2X2+n+nPfR—(n— 2)2112R +2(2 +n+nP)211 <0 (23) Here. R P, P, R. fe. and le are all functions of the intensity of policing, Z. The local ESS conditions (22) and (23) are quite opaque and do not allow for simple anal