U.S. 693, 707-09, 96 S.Ct. 1155, 47 L.Ed.2d 405 (1976) (further explaining that alteration of a legal right, in addition to stigma, was at issue in Constantineau ); see also Mosrie v. Barry, 718 F.2d 1151, 1159 (D.C.Cir.1983) 0,4 Paul v. Davis held that reputation alone is neither a liberty interest arising

interpretation involves a niestigmac then due process requires that the individual must be afforded a chance to defend himself, citing Wisconsin v. Constantineau, 400 U.S. 433, 91 S.Ct. 507, 27 L.Ed.2d 515 (1971). Applicants' Reply Mem. at 8. This argument is without merit. Although Constantineau recognized