sarily implicates constitutional concerns." Panzardi— Alvarez v. United States, 879 F.2d 975, 980 (1st Cir.1989) (citation omitted).United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez, 399 F.3d 924, 929 (8th Cir. 2005), affd and remanded, 548 U.S. 140, 126 S. Ct. 2557, 165'. Ed. 2d 409 (2006). Weighed against these compelling con