ames with a pairwise sur- vival deficit we have ta(I — a) K — 1 c(1 — b) K An; K) — a2 N — 1 ao - bc — 1 b(1—c)N —K d(1 — d)N —K — 1\ 4 ao — bc N — 1 ao — d2 N — 1 ) in general, and (65) An; K) (alC — 1 N — K dN — K — 1) ao I N-1 cN-1 + bN— 1 N — I (66) when the deficit is strong.