, 82 F.3d 1194, 1222-23 (1st Cir. 1996)). This heightened standard "raises the bar on pleading" and is "rigorously enforced" by the Second Circuit. Rieger v. Drabinsky (In re Livent Noteholders Sec. Litig.), 151 F. Supp. 2d 371, 406 (S.D.N.Y. 2001); Ross v. Bolton, 904 F.2d 819, 823 (2d Cir. 1990) ("We recognize a