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omic Analysis and Research Network, 2014 (38) "The Effects of Investing in Early Education on Economic Growth," The Brookings Institution, 2006 (39) Atif Mian and Amir Sufi, "Household Balance Sheets, Consumption and the Economic Slump," 2013 (40) Atif Mian and Amir Sufi, "House Price Gains and U.S. Househ
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nomy. When values go up, consumers spend more, in part because they can borrow against the rising value of their property. Economists Amir Sufi and Atif Mian calculate, for instance, that homeowners stripped $1.25 trillion out of their houses during the bubble. But when prices fall, families also cut back

George W. Bush
PersonPresident of the United States from 2001 to 2009

Marc Rich
PersonAmerican commodities trader (1934–2013)

John F. Kennedy
PersonPresident of the United States from 1961 to 1963 (1917–1963)

Barack Obama
PersonPresident of the United States from 2009 to 2017

Ronald Reagan
PersonPresident of the United States from 1981 to 1989 and actor (1911–2004)

Larry Summers
PersonAmerican economist and government official (born 1954)
Amir Sufi
PersonEconomist (University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER))