hner, 286 N.E.2d 454 (N.Y. 1972) ccs Redding v. Edwards, 569 F. Supp. 2d 129 (D.D.C. 2008) ........ Rivera v. Heyman, 157 F.3d 101 (2d Cir, 1998) eee Salahi v. Obama, 625 F.3d 745 (D.C. Cit, 2010) veces Samantar v. Yousuf, et al., 130 S. Ct. 2278 (2010) eee *vili Schneberger v. Wheeler, 859 F.2d 1477 (11