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ines. Areas where there is instability and weak governance are particularly vulnerable. Polio was limited to a few isolated regions of Afghanistan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Somalia and Syria but due to intensifying conflict and low immunization levels the disease was able to spillover to neighboring states E
force and exacerbate each other. For example, polio in Pakistan, Nigeria Somalia and Syria and its recent spillover to Iraq, Ethiopia, Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea demonstrate in the starkest terms how zones of instability are vulnerable to disease and its spillover. By better understanding the linkages or nex
, BARS, avian influenza. There are dozens of other diseases, like Lassa fever, brought • on by a disabling hemorrhagic virus first discovered in Nigeria two years after Stewart's testimony, as well as those caused by the Nipah, Hendra, and Marburg viruses, which are less fre- quently mentioned yet
and he was treated with deference by military officials 714 NEW YORKER. DECEMBER 20 & 27. 2O10 61 EFTA_R1_02008101 EFTA02684964 from Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Congo—people who rarely agree on anything. ey, let's go look at some blood," Wolfe called, summoning me to what has to be the coldes
anon, Liberia. Libya, Liechtenstein, Macau, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru. Nicaragua, Niger. Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Palestinian Territories, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paracel Islands, Paraguay, Peru, Russia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saudi Arabia, S
, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Crimea, The, Cuba, Cyprus Turkish Cypriot Administered, Dominican Republic. Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia. Ghana. Grenada, Guatemala. Guinea, Guinea- Bissau, Guyana. Haiti. Honduras, India, Iran, Iraq. Ivory Coast (C6te d'Ivoire). Jamai
Confidential Barriers to Polio Eradication in Nigeria A Situation Assessment Prepared for The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation April 2014 EFTA00586330 Confidcntial — Not for distribution or circulat
The World Health Organization stated that the virus is at high risk of crossing borders. The same strain as in Cameroon has just been confirmed in Equatorial Guinea, making it the first case since 1999' The persistence of polio in Nigeria has global implications. In 2003, for example, several states in northem
Entities connected to both Nigeria and Equatorial Guinea

Donald Trump
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Prince Andrew
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Joe Biden
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Robert Gates
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Stephen Hawking
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Malaysia
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David Cameron
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Kenya
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Sudan
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Uganda
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Prince Charles
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Somalia
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Tanzania
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Ethiopia
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Melinda Gates
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Osama bin Laden
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Buhari
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