Epstein Secrets

32. Statistics Canada. (1994). Violence against women survey. 1993 [pub- lic use microdata file]. Ottawa, Ontario: Statistics Canada. Stuna. M. L., & Campbell, R. (2005). An exploratory study of rape survivors' prescription drug use as a means of coping with sexual assault. Psychology of Women Quarterly.,

review examined women's experi- ences of delayed disclosure to a range of health-care providers. Health-care providers included physicians (Ahrens, Campbell, Terrier-Thames, Vasco, & Sefi, 2007; Diaz et al., 2004; Fili- pas & Ullman, 2001; Golding et al., 1989; Mazza, Dennerstein, & Ryan, 1996; Popiel &

reen- ing tools for use with different adult populations. Journal of Aggression. Maltreatment & Trauma• 20. 199-226. Resnick, H. S., Holmes. M. M.. Kilpatrick. D. G., Clum• G., Acierno. R., Best. C. L.. & Saunders. B. E. (2000). Predictors of post-rape medical care in a national sample of women. American

r rape experience does not match stereotypical conceptions of rape, such as involving a stranger. a weapon. and severe injury (Patterson. Greeson, & Campbell, 2009; Resnick et al., 2000). Accordingly, adolescents and young adults, who are more at risk to be victimized by rape than other age 88fLop grou

weapon. and severe injury (Patterson. Greeson, & Campbell, 2009; Resnick et al., 2000). Accordingly, adole

proach. Journal of Aggression. ,tfultreatment & Trauma. f8(8). 886-905. Ekontan-Fulks. Ruggiero. K.1. Hanson. R. F.. Smith. D. W. Resnick. H. S.. Kilpatrick. D. Cs.. et al. (2007). Sexual assault disclosure in relation to adolescent mental health: Results from the National Survey of Adolescents. JOIRROI

Fear of receiving negative responses from legal authorities may also dis- courage sexual assault victims from reporting their experiences to police (Campbell. 2005). Researchers have found that police were less likely to make an arrest if the victim's credibil- ity was questionable (Frazier & Haney. 1996;

by fathers or stepfathers. 10% by boyfriends or ex-boyfriends. 16% by other relatives, and 29% by other nonrclatives, such as friends or neighbors (Kilpatrick, Edmunds. & Seymour. 1992). Victims of sexual violence may experiences rangeof behav- ioral and psychological problems, which can last from a few mo

terviewer effects and other factors such as others overhearing an interview may be responsible for victims' unwillingness to disclose (Koss. 1994). Campbell. Dworkin. and Cabral (2009) focus on the negative mental health effects 3502-014 Page 15 of 21 EFIA_00001448 EFTA00156789 1160 Violence Agains

ost half (49%) from a coon- sclorora therapist.This pattern is somewhat different than that suggested by Amstadtcr, McCauley, Ruggiero, Resnick, and Kilpatrick (2008). who reported that 38% sought treatment from a medical professional and 54% front a mental health specialist. Medication use in our study wa