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"case" as "a question contested before a court of justice"). This general understanding is equally applicable to criminal proceedings. In Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760 (2005), the Supreme Court held that a criminal "case" — as distinct from an investigation — "at the very least requires the initiation
2008, with the filing of Petitioner's Emergency Petition for Enforcement of Crime Victim's Rights Act (DE1), and a Certificate of Emergency (DE2).' The Emergency Petition noted that Jeffrey Epstein had recently pled guilty to state court criminal charges (DE1 at 1.) The Petition then alleged: 3. Upon information and
"case" as "a question contested before a court of justice"). This general understanding is equally applicable to criminal proceedings. In Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760 (2005), the Supreme Court held that a criminal "case" — as distinct from an investigation — "at the very least requires the initiation
2008, with the filing of Petitioner's Emergency Petition for Enforcement of Crime Victim's Rights Act (DEl), and a Certificate of Emergency (DE2).' The Emergency Petition noted that Jeffrey Epstein had recently pled guilty to state court criminal charges (DE1 at 1.) The Petition then alleged: 3. Upon information and
rc "merely a statement of assertion or concession made for some independent purpose," and may be controverted or explained by the party who made it. Martinez I Bally's Louisiana, Inc., 244 F.3d 474, 476-77 (51° Cir. 2001), citing McNamara v. Miller, 269 F.2d 511, 515 (D.C. Cir. 1959). In contrast, a judi
2008, with the filing of Petitioner's Emergency Petition for Enforcement of Crime Victim's Rights Act (DEI), and a Certificate of Emergency (DE2).' The Emergency Petition noted that Jeffrey Epstein had recently pled guilty to state court criminal charges (DEI at 1.) The Petition then alleged: 3. Upon information and
Entities connected to both Martinez and The Emergency Petition

Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
Department of Justice
ORGANIZATION
United States
LOCATION
Prince Andrew
PERSON
Scarlett Johansson
PERSONLeon Black
PERSON
Virginia Giuffre
PERSON
Michael Jackson
PERSON
Michigan
LOCATIONFBI
ORGANIZATION
Bradley Edwards
PERSON
Eric Trump
PERSON
Supreme Court
ORGANIZATIONMaria Farmer
PERSON
India
LOCATION
Anderson
PERSONJane Doe
PERSON
United States District Court
ORGANIZATIONthe Southern District
LOCATION
Detroit
LOCATION