Epstein Secrets

, 1982), while others try to give abstract properties to capture what the authors take to he the essential properties of grooming (O'Connell, 2003; Spiegel, 2003). Some definitions are fairly brief and more vague (Brackenridge, 2001; Howitt, 1995; Spiegel, 2003), whereas others are much longer and more

groi (1982) Salter (1995) Howitt (1995) Labors (1997) Gallagher (1999) Brackenridge (2001) Gillespie (2002) Berson (2003) O'Connell (2003) Spiegel (2003) Craven, Brown, and Gilchrist (2006) Knoll (2010) "How does Ithe perpetrator' get the child to participate in some type of sexual behavio

ney to the child, 9% provided the child with illicit goods, and 4% provided the child with games or toys. In their interviews with 23 CSA victims, Berliner and Conte (1990) found that many children shared similar experiences with bribery and coercion prior to their abuse. Sixty-one percent of children

d from littp://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/2252A 3502-013 Page 18 of 21 EFTA_00001430 EFTA00156771 Grooming in Child Sexual Abuse 975 Berliner, L., & Conte, J. R. (1990). The process of victimization: The victims' perspective. Child Abuse and Attlee!, 14, 29-40. Berson, I. R. (2003). Groom

, 1982), while others try to give abstract properties to capture what the authors take to be the essential properties of grooming (O'Connell, 2003; Spiegel, 2003). Some definitions are fairly brief and more vague (Brackenridge, 2001; Howitt, 1995; Spiegel, 2003), whereas others are much longer and more

roi (1982) Salter (1995) 11OVAIE (1995) Lebeig (1997) Gallagher (1999) Brackenridge (2001) Gillespie (2002) Berson (2003) O'Connell (2003) Spiegel (2003) Craven, Brown, and Gilchrist (2000 Knoll (2010) "How does [the perpetrator] get the child to participate in some type of sexual behavior

gal Information Institute online. Retrieved from http://www.law.comell.edu/uscode/text/18/2252A EFTA00088777 Grooming in Child Sexual Abuse 975 Berliner, L., & Conte, J. R. (1990). The process of victimization: The victims' perspective. Child Abuse and Neglect, 14, 29-40. Berson, I. It (2003). Groom

ney to the child, 9% provided the child with illicit goods, and 4% provided the child with games or toys. In their interviews with 23 CSA victims, Berliner and Conte (1990) found that many children shared similar experiences with bribery and coercion prior to their abuse. Sixty-one percent of children

lter (19951 Definitions of Sexual Grooming Howitt (1995) Leberg (1997) Gallagher (1999) McAlinden (20071 Brackenridge (20011 Gillespie (2002) Spiegel (2003) Craven Brown, &Gilchrist (2006) Sheldon & Howitt (20071 Knoll (2010) McAlinden (20121 Bennett &CYDonohue (2014) ' The establishment (a

a model of sexual grooming that has some support for its validity. While there had been numerous previous models of sexual grooming proposed (i.e., Berliner and Conte 1990; Craven, Brown, and Gilchrist 2007; Harms and Dam 1992; Lanning 2010; Leclerc, Proulx, and Beauregard 2009; McAlinden 2006; Olson et

mith 1989; Elliott, Browne, and 3502-034 Page 3 of 13 EFIA_00001687 EFTA00157028 G. M. WINTERS ET AL. Kilcoyne 1995) and victims of CSA (e.g., Berliner and Conte 1990). While these reviews and empirical studies provide vital information, there is still great variation within the field on how to defi