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nces are intimately bound up in the idea of an impending technological singularity. His work on neuroscience and his initial support of McCulloch and Pitts adumbrated the startlingly effective deep-learning methods of the present day. Over the past decade, and particularly in the last five years, such de
o communicate with other humans, learn from them, instruct them, and motivate them in our own native language. If our robots will all be as opaque as AlphaGo, we won’t be able to hold a meaningful conversation with them, and that would be unfortunate. We will need to retrain them whenever we make a slight
ow it an abstract painting and see what it says. But it does a pretty good job. It works using the same neural-network technology that McCulloch and Pitts imagined in 1943 and lots of us worked on in the early eighties. Back in the 1980s, people successfully did OCR—optical character recognition. They t
rs relied a great deal on intuition and a feel for position, so proficiency was thought to require a particularly human kind of intelligence. But the AlphaGo program produced by DeepMind, after being trained on thousands of high-level Go games played by humans and then millions of games with itself, was ab
nces are intimately bound up in the idea of an impending technological singularity. His work on neuroscience and his initial support of McCulloch and Pitts adumbrated the startlingly effective deep-learning methods of the present day. Over the past decade, and particularly in the last five years, such de
o communicate with other humans, learn from them, instruct them, and motivate them in our own native language. If our robots will all be as opaque as AlphaGo, we won’t be able to hold a meaningful conversation with them, and that would be unfortunate. We will need to retrain them whenever we make a slight
ow it an abstract painting and see what it says. But it does a pretty good job. It works using the same neural-network technology that McCulloch and Pitts imagined in 1943 and lots of us worked on in the early eighties. Back in the 1980s, people successfully did OCR—optical character recognition. They t
rs relied a great deal on intuition and a feel for position, so proficiency was thought to require a particularly human kind of intelligence. But the AlphaGo program produced by DeepMind, after being trained on thousands of high-level Go games played by humans and then millions of games with itself, was ab
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