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l literature from 1850 through 1983. The first publication identified by Google Scholar as using the tern, "grooming" in this way was an article by Conte (1984) cit- ing Groth and Birnbaum (1979) for the proposition that "PIM most cases, except those involving abuse by a stranger, the perpetrator invo
1983. The first publication identified by Google Scholar as using the tern, "grooming" in this way was an article by Conte (1984) cit- ing Groth and Birnbaum (1979) for the proposition that "PIM most cases, except those involving abuse by a stranger, the perpetrator involves children in sexual abuse thro
liott, Browne, and 3502-034 Page 3 of 13 EFIA_00001687 EFTA00157028 G. M. WINTERS ET AL. Kilcoyne 1995) and victims of CSA (e.g., Berliner and Conte 1990). While these reviews and empirical studies provide vital information, there is still great variation within the field on how to define the se
the use of sexual grooming tactics found these were used by approximately 30-45% of child sexual abusers (Canter, Hughes, and Kirby 1998; Groth and Birnbaum, 1978). The goals of sexual grooming are to gain initial cooperation by the victim, decrease the likelihood of discovery, and increase the likeliho
welcome in the child's home and 18% offered incentives or threatened their victims to recruit other children and then gave bribes to the recruits. Conte, Wolf, and Smith (1989) interviewed 26 offenders about their crimes. They found that offenders often admitted to being able to iden- tify what they
1983. The first publication identified by Google Scholar as using the term "grooming" in this way was an article by Conte (1984) cit- ing Groth and Birnbaum (1979) for the proposition that "[i]n most cases, except those involving abuse by a stranger, the perpetrator involves children in sexual abuse thr
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