Epstein Secrets

(defining "case" as "a question contested before a court of justice"). This general understanding is equally applicable to criminal proceedings. In Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760 (2005), the Supreme Court held that a criminal "case" — as distinct from an investigation — "at the very least requires th

supports respondent's view that "the case" implies a specific adversary proceeding rather than an indefinite ongoing investigation. Cf. Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 542 U.S. 426, 434 (2004) (use of definite article "the person" in 28 U.S.C. 2241's provision regarding a habeas custodian signifies that there is

r thing, in legal parlance the judicial-case connotation is undoubtedly primary." Maj. Op. at 1207. As to the term "case," even the Majority cites Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760, 766, 123 S. Ct. 1994, 2000-01, 155 L.Ed.2d 984 (2003), which supports my conclusion that the CVRA's conferral right attac

s only after proceedings have begun, at which point that particular person will presumably be more readily identifiable. Cf. I *1208 Rumsfeld it Padilla, 542 U.S. 426, 434-35, 124 S.Ct. 2711, 159 L.Ed.2d 513 (2004) (holding that the "use of the definite article ... indicates that there is generally

(defining "case" as "a question contested before a court of justice"). This general understanding is equally applicable to criminal proceedings. In Chavez v. Martinez, 538 U.S. 760 (2005), the Supreme Court held that a criminal "case" — as distinct from an investigation — "at the very least requires th

supports respondent's view that "the case" implies a specific adversary proceeding rather than an indefinite ongoing investigation. Cf. Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 542 U.S. 426, 434 (2004) (use of definite article "the person" in 28 U.S.C. 2241's provision regarding a habeas custodian signifies that there is