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cords qualify as "compiled for law enforcement purposes" if they "relate to anything that can fairly be characterized as an enforcement proceeding." Shapiro v. U.S. Dep't ofJustice, 37 F. Supp. 3d 7, 29 (D.D.C. 2014) (quotation marks omitted). The Tenth Circuit has adopted a "per se rule" that "for an a
e: it "must be both `predecisional' and `deliberative."' Grand Cent P 'ship v. Cuomo,166 F.3d 473, 482 (2d Cir. 1999) (quoting Renegotiation Bd. v. Grumman Aircraft Eng'g Corp., 421 U.S. 168, 184 (1975)). A document is "predecisional" when it is "prepared in order to assist an agency decisionmaker in arriving at his decisi
& Exch. Comm'n, No. 3:14-CV-2197, 2016 WL 950995 (M.D. Tenn. Mar. 12, 2016) 22 SafeCard Sens., Inc. v. S.E.C., 926 F.2d 1197 (D.C. Cir. 1991) 5 Shapiro v. U.S. Dept oflustice, 37 F. Supp. 3d 7 (D.D.C. 2014) 9 Tigue v. U.S. Dep 't of Justice, 312 F.3d 70 (2d Cir. 2002) 13 U.S. Dep 't of State v.
Pinson v. Dept of .htstice, 236 F. Supp. 3d (D.D.C. 2017) 22 Radcliffe v. IRS, 536 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2008) 7, 8 Renegotiation Bd. v. Grumman Aircraft Eng'g Corp., 421 U.S. 168 (1975) 13 Robbins, Geller, Rudman & Dowd, LLP v. United States Sec. & Exch. Comm'n, No. 3:14-CV-2197, 2016 WL 950995 (M.D. Tenn. Ma
& Exch. Comm'n, No. 3:14-CV-2197, 2016 WL 950995 (M.D. Tenn. Mar. 12, 2016) 22 SafeCard Sens., Inc. v. S.E.C., 926 F.2d 1197 (D.C. Cir. 1991) 5 Shapiro v. U.S. Dept oflustice, 37 F. Supp. 3d 7 (D.D.C. 2014) 9 Tigue v. U.S. Dep 't of Justice, 312 F.3d 70 (2d Cir. 2002) 13 U.S. Dep 't of State v.
Pinson v. Dept of .htstice, 236 F. Supp. 3d (D.D.C. 2017) 22 Radcliffe v. IRS, 536 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2008) 7, 8 Renegotiation Bd. v. Grumman Aircraft Eng'g Corp., 421 U.S. 168 (1975) 13 Robbins, Geller, Rudman & Dowd, LLP v. United States Sec. & Exch. Comm'n, No. 3:14-CV-2197, 2016 WL 950995 (M.D. Tenn. Ma
& Exch. Comm'n, No. 3:14-CV-2197, 2016 WL 950995 (M.D. Tenn. Mar. 12, 2016) 22 SafeCard Sens., Inc. v. S.E.C., 926 F.2d 1197 (D.C. Cir. 1991) 5 Shapiro v. U.S. Dept oflustice, 37 F. Supp. 3d 7 (D.D.C. 2014) 9 Tigue v. U.S. Dep 't of Justice, 312 F.3d 70 (2d Cir. 2002) 13 U.S. Dep 't of State v.
Pinson v. Dept of .htstice, 236 F. Supp. 3d (D.D.C. 2017) 22 Radcliffe v. IRS, 536 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2008) 7, 8 Renegotiation Bd. v. Grumman Aircraft Eng'g Corp., 421 U.S. 168 (1975) 13 Robbins, Geller, Rudman & Dowd, LLP v. United States Sec. & Exch. Comm'n, No. 3:14-CV-2197, 2016 WL 950995 (M.D. Tenn. Ma
Entities connected to both Shapiro and Grumman Aircraft Eng'g Corp.

Jeffrey Epstein
PERSON
George W. Bush
PERSON
United States
LOCATION
Supreme Court
ORGANIZATION
Andrew Cuomo
PERSONthe Southern District
LOCATION
Alberto Gonzales
PERSONCarney
PERSONChristenson
PERSON
Sarah Ferguson
PERSONGeller
PERSON
The Washington Post
ORGANIZATION
The New York Times
ORGANIZATIONGarcia
PERSONWilner
PERSON
H.R.
PERSON
Metropolitan Correctional Center
ORGANIZATIONHomeland Sec
ORGANIZATION
Human Rights Watch
ORGANIZATION
Doherty
PERSON