Epstein Secrets

s that, "while not the equivalent of criminal a post facto, nevertheless would run afoul of Landgraf s considerations, and that he "expect[ed] that the Supreme Court's future decisions" would confirm such a reading. Thorn v. Ashcroft, 369 F.3d 158, 163 n.6 (2d Cir. 2004) (Calabresi, J., "[s]peaking only for [him]se

es v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974) 282 United States v. Noble, No. 07 Cr. 284 (RJS), 2008 WL 140966 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 11, 2008) 164 United States v. Okwumabua, 828 F.2d 950 (2d Cir. 1987) 138 United States v. Olivieri, 740 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2010) 146 United States v. Oshatz, 700 F. Supp. 69

d. at 538-39. "[L]ess drastic measures ... such as limiting instructions, 52 While Zafiro involved a motion to sever defendants, rather than counts, the Supreme Court's construction of Rule 14(a) applies in either case. See Page, 657 F.3d at 129 (relying on Zafiro); United States v. Gracesqui, No. 10 Cr. 74 (PKC),

50 F.3d 245, 253 (2d Cir. 2014). It follows that the Government need not inform a witness of the nature of its investigation, see United States v. Okwumabua, 828 F.2d 950, 953 (2d Cir. 1987), much less his individual status in the investigation, see Washington, 431 U.S. at 189 & 190 n.6. The Constitution

that, "while not the equivalent of criminal ex post facto, nevertheless would run afoul of Landgraf s considerations, and that he "expect[ed] that the Supreme Court's future decisions" would confirm such a reading. Thom v. Ashcroft, 369 F.3d 158, 163 n.6 (2d Cir. 2004) (Calabresi, J., "[s]peaking only for [him]sel

es v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974) 282 United States v. Noble, No. 07 Cr. 284 (RJS), 2008 WL 140966 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 11, 2008) 164 United States v. Okwumabua, 828 F.2d 950 (2d Cir. 1987) 138 United States v. Olivieri, 740 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2010) 146 United States v. Oshatz, 700 F. Supp. 696

that, "while not the equivalent of criminal ex post facto, nevertheless would run afoul of Landgraf s considerations, and that he "expect[ed] that the Supreme Court's future decisions" would confirm such a reading. Thom v. Ashcroft, 369 F.3d 158, 163 n.6 (2d Cir. 2004) (Calabresi, J., "[s]peaking only for [him]sel

es v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974) 282 United States v. Noble, No. 07 Cr. 284 (RJS), 2008 WL 140966 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 11, 2008) 164 United States v. Okwumabua, 828 F.2d 950 (2d Cir. 1987) 138 United States v. Olivieri, 740 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2010) 146 United States v. Oshatz, 700 F. Supp. 696

that, "while not the equivalent of criminal ex post facto, nevertheless would run afoul of Landgraf s considerations, and that he "expect[ed] that the Supreme Court's future decisions" would confirm such a reading. Thom v. Ashcroft, 369 F.3d 158, 163 n.6 (2d Cir. 2004) (Calabresi, J., "[s]peaking only for [him]sel

es v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974) 190 United States v. Noble, No. 07 Cr. 284 (RJS), 2008 WL 140966 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 11, 2008) 112 United States v. Okwumabua, 828 F.2d 950 (2d Cir. 1987) 97 United States v. Olivieri, 740 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2010) 101 United States v. Oshatz, 700 F. Supp. 696 (

that, "while not the equivalent of criminal ex post facto, nevertheless would run afoul of Landgraf s considerations, and that he "expect[ed] that the Supreme Court's future decisions" would confirm such a reading. Thom v. Ashcroft, 369 F.3d 158, 163 n.6 (2d Cir. 2004) (Calabresi, J., "[s]peaking only for [him]sel

es v. Nixon, 418 U.S. 683 (1974) 282 United States v. Noble, No. 07 Cr. 284 (RJS), 2008 WL 140966 (S.D.N.Y. Jan. 11, 2008) 164 United States v. Okwumabua, 828 F.2d 950 (2d Cir. 1987) 138 United States v. Olivieri, 740 F. Supp. 2d 423 (S.D.N.Y. 2010) 146 United States v. Oshatz, 700 F. Supp. 696

d. at 538-39. "[L]ess drastic measures ... such as limiting instructions, 52 While Zafiro involved a motion to sever defendants, rather than counts, the Supreme Court's construction of Rule 14(a) applies in either case. See Page, 657 F.3d at 129 (relying on Zafiro); United States v. Gracesqui, No. 10 Cr. 74 (PKC),

50 F.3d 245, 253 (2d Cir. 2014). It follows that the Government need not inform a witness of the nature of its investigation, see United States v. Okwumabua, 828 F.2d 950, 953 (2d Cir. 1987), much less his individual status in the investigation, see Washington, 431 U.S. at 189 & 190 n.6. The Constitution